Two-cycle engine.



A. F. RIBDL.

TWO-GYOLE ENGINE.

. grrmuulon Hum sumo, 191a. 1,091,963. v v Patented Mar. 31, 19m

8 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

A. F. BIEDL.

TWO-CYCLE mums.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 20, 1913.

Patented Mar. 31,1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

TIE; E

'||Illl I!l| 27 Mg;

2 III III 4 4 v I V 5 III III III Al'Riadl. WW

A. r. RIEDL'. TWO-CYCLE ENGINE.

APPLIUATIOH FILED JAN. 20, 1913.

Patented Mar. 31, 1914 LQQ 1 ,9630

3 SHBBTEr-S HEET 3.

---lIlIIIIlII/IIII,

from the left of Fig. 1.

' ALBERT FRED RIEDL, OF BUFFALQNEW YORK."

TWO-CYGLE ENGINE.

. Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed. Jamal- 720,1913.Serial No. 743,153.

Patented Mar.3il,'i914.

To all :whom it may concern:

Be 1t known that I, ALBERT FRED RIEDL, a citizen of the United States,residing at Buftale, in the county ofErie and State of New,

York, have-invented certain new and. useful Improvements in Two-CycleEngines; and I do declare the followin to befa full, clear, andexact'description o the invention, such as will enableothers skilled inthe art to which it appertains to make and use the same. v

This invention relates to internal combustion engines, and moreespecially to those opcrating on the two-cycle principle; and the objectof the same is, chiefly, to simplify the parts of a" gasolene engine ofthis type to the end that the power may be increased and the gasoleneconsumption decreased.

Further objects will appear in the followin specification which sets.forth the preferre construction of this engine, as illustrated in thedrawings Wherein- I Figure 1 is a central vertical sectional viewthrough one cylinder of this engine, taken along the center of the crankshaft. Fig. 2 is an end elevation thereof, taken Fig. 3 is a plan view,and Fig. 4- is a horizontal section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1 with thepiston and crank shaft omitted. Fig. 5 is across sec-' tion through theupper end of the cylinder, sgowinga slight modification in its internals ape.

In the drawings the crank case 1 has suitable devices 2 by means ofwhich the cylinder shown is supported from the framework of the machine,and also has flanges 3 bolted to similar flanges 4 at the bottom of theshell 5, half-bearings '6 being formed in said flanges-and adapted toregister when these parts are assembled so as to receive the crank shaft7 as well known in this art. The shell is cast with an upright pistonchamber 8, and alongside the same an upright valve chamber 9 whichcommunicates at its lower end through a .passage 10 with the spaceoccupied by the crank 11 and usually known as the pumping'chamber 12',and stud crank is connected by a' rod 13' with the piston 14 whichreciprocates vertically within the chamber 8- in the usual manner. Theuper portion of the cylinder, or piston chamher 8, is water-jacketed asat 15 on its sides and over its head, and internally the top of thischamber by preference slopes downward as at 16 from the spark chamber 17to the remote side of the piston chamber 8. for a purpose to appearbelow. The jacket 15'is also by preference carried around the sparkchamber as at 18, and even down within the wall or partition between thechambers 8 and 9 as at 19, though-I do not wish to be limited withrespect to the jacket. The upper end of the s ark chamber 17 is closedby a plug 20 which by preference screws into an opening larger than thevalve .yet to be described and so that said valve may be re- 'moved whendesired, and through this plug extends the spark plug 21 which isconnected to an ignition system as usual. Cast around the wall of themain cylinder or shell 5' is a hollow rib 22 containing an exhaustchamber 23 which is in communication with an out-let24 that'may lead .toa mufller not.

necessary to illustrate, and the piston chamber 8 comunicates with theexhaust chamber 23 by means of exhaust openings 25 through v the wall ofthe shell 5.w ithin the rib 22 as best seen-in Fig. 4. It is to beunderstood that the throw of the @crank 11 is sufiicient to carry thepiston 14 ownward far enough to expose the exhaust o enings 25 at eachrevolution of the main s aft 7 in a manner well understood in explosiveengines of this .actuated check valve which opens to admlt a charge fromthe carbureter as indicated Resting on a cam 80. secured on the malnshaft 7 isv a head 31 at the lower end of a push rod 32-which extendsupward throu h a guide 33 formed within or carried by t e shell 5 of thecylinder-casting, and the up'- per end of this rod is threaded as at 34opposite an opening 35" in the wall of the valve chamber 9, whichopening is closed by a plate 36 held removably in place by tap bolts 37.Engaging said threads is a nut 38, held locked therconby a jam nut 39,said nut 38 being elongated 'ertically, and having an exterior shoulder40 on Which rests a coiled expansive spring 41. The upper end of thisspringstands beneath a shoulder 42 formed: around a tubular boss 43which extends from the center of a spider 44 forming part of a castingwhose ring-shaped wall or shell 45 rests upon a shoulder 46 within thevalve chamber 9 and is internally beveled at its upper end as at 47 soas to produce a valveseat. Resting upon the latter is the beveled edgeof the head 48 of the inlet valve, whose stem 49 passes downward throughthe bore of said'boss -43,'throughout the length of said spring 41, andinto the upper end of said .nut 38, wherein it is by preference securedremovably in any suitable manner as by the pin 50 shown in Fig? 1. Withthis construction it follows that the expansion of the spring 41 tendsto move downward the nut and the parts attahced thereto, so that thehead 31 is kept in contact with the cam 30, andtends also to move upwardthe boss 43 and spider 44 whose ring rests upon the shoulder 46 and isheld in place by being closely fitted into the upper end of the valvechamber 9. However, when removed therefrom it can be lifted out throughthe opening disclosed by removing the plug20, as also can the valve whenits stem is detached from the nut 38 by withdrawing the pin 50. Byremoving the plate 36 the opening 35 is exposed so that the operator maypass his hand into the same and gain access to the parts of the valvemechanism for the purpose of adjustment, repair,

' or replacement. Should it become necessary to replace the push rod 32that can be done when the engine is taken down and the crank shaft 7 andits cam 30 removed from beneath the head 31, after which the entire.

push rod can be drawn downward through the guide 33. However, this willrarely oocur, as the adjustment permitted by the nut 38 and jamb nut 39will take up for wear, and even a broken spring could be replacedthrough the opening disclosed by the plug 20.

The operation of a two-cycle engine thus constructed may be brieflydescribed as follows: With the parts standing as shown in Fig. 1 and thecharge compressed, when the spark occurs said charge isexploded and thepiston descends until it uncovers the ex ha-ustports so that the smokeand burnt gases pass readily through the openings 25 into the chamber 23and out the outlet 24.

" The descent of the piston will to a slight extent compress the chargewithin the chamber opening 10 upward into the valve chamber 9,

as the check valve 27 closes to prevent this charge being driven backtoward the carbureter. At a proper moment the cam 30 raises the push rodand valve, its head 48 is lifted oil the seat 47, and the charge underslight compression is driven upward into the chamber 17 and admitted atthe extreme top of the piston chamber 8 whose beveled upper end 16causes the 'inflowing charge to be thrown downward onto the top of theoutflowing gases, rather than to be mingled therewith, with the resultthat the gases are forcibly expelled through the openings 25. Just at aproper moment the the-number and size of the e its ascent to compressthe .charge within the upper end of the piston chamber 8 andsimultaneously to draw a new charge inward through the intake 26thefirst upward movement of the piston closing the exhaust openings 25.When the piston again reaches the position shown in Fig. 1, theoperation is repeated.

A two-cycle engine as thus constructed possesses the following points ofadvantage: The admission of the mixture into the extreme upper end ofthe piston chamber, especially when said upper end is beveled outward asshown at 16, is of advantage in a two cycle motor because the mixture isused to expel the gases and yet it does not commingle therewith to anyinjurious extent. The interposition of the waste gases between thismixture and the head of the piston causes them to act as a cushion andserves to retain the mixture constantly at the top. With the partsproperly timed, the

pumping action in the chamber 12 and the high point of the cam 30 willadmit the fresh mixture at a time when. the pressure of the inlet andexhaust are the same. I consider it of advantage also tohave the mixturetravel constantly in one direction, and the passages for its travel arelarge and uninterrupted. The positive opening of the inlet valve by acam mounted directly on the crank shaft prevents the possibility thatthe engine can be set out of time and avoids the necessity for a camshaft and the gears con-- necting it with the main shaft. Bettercombustion results where the mixture is not diluted with the exhaustgases, and the charge is wholly fired when the spark plug is located ata point where there is the least possibility of pollution of the charge.The

larger the area of the piston and therefore the bore of-the cylinder,the eater will be aust openings 25 and therefore the less time requiredto thoroughlyv exhaust the gases; although there is but a singlerow ofopenings 25, they 12, which charge is pumped through the .rod is passinghorizontally across the lowest point assumed by the crank and when thepiston of course has ceased its downward movement and has not quite yetcommenced its upward movement. The general structure results in theprovision of large passages for the travel of the gas, the fewest numberof turns, and the elimination of small by-passes; added to which is thefact that the mixture and the gases are both caused to travel theshortest possible distance, so that resistance to their flow isminimized and an increased efficiency of the engine is obtained. It ishardly necessary to add that a two-cycle; engine is always simpler thanone involving a greater number of parts, and the structural features ofthe engine above described possess, extreme simplicity withoutsacrificing accessibility.

Fig. illustrates how a deflection or-bafile 16*, may be used in place ofthe sloping head 16 of the'cylinder, and this bafiie will deflect thegases with much the same result. At the bottom of Fig. 1 I haveshown-counterbalance weights 11 at the inner ends of the crank arms 11,for an obvious purpose, and also a set screw 45" for holding the collar45 on the shoulder 46. These details and others will, however, occur tothe builder, and may be adopted without departing from the princi le ofmy invention.

at the lower end .of said valve chamber and a valve seat at its upperend, a push rod slidably mounted through said guide and resting on saidcam, a valve whose head rests on said seat and whose stem dependstherefrom, a long nut screwed on the upper end of the push rod, a spiderwithin the upper end of said valve chamber having a central boss, thevalve stem passing through said boss and into said nut, a pm through thestem and nut, and an expansive spring coiled around the stem betweensaid nut and spider.

'2. In an internal combustion engine, the a cylinder shell havingupright piston and valve chambers communicating nearltheir lower ends,the wall of the piston chamber being provided with, an exhaust and anin.- take; combined with the piston, crank shaft, connecting rod, a camon said shaft, a guide at the lower end of said valve chamber and avalve seat at its upper end, the wall of the shell between theseelements having a side opening, a plate removably closing said opening,a push rod ,slidably mounted through said guide and resting-on said cam,a valve whose head rests on said seat and whose stem depends therefrom,a long nut screwed on the upper end of ,the and having a shoulder, aspider wlthin the upper end of said valve chamber having a central bosswith a downwardly facing shoulder, the valve stem passing through saidboss and into said nut, means for detachably connecting it with saidnut, and an expansive spring coiled around the stem between saidshoulders.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

ALBERT FRED RIEDL.

'Witnesses: l

C. A. GEORGES, FREDERICK L. Gon'rz.

push rod

